Low Back
(Lumbar Spine)
Disc Prolapse
Slipped Disc, Bulging Disc
Spondylolisthesis
Slipped Spine / Vertebra
Lumbar Spondylosis
Degenerative Spine / Inflammation
Spine Fracture
Spine Injury (Trauma or Osteoporosis)
Disc Prolapse
Disc Prolapse or Slipped disc is backward migration of the damaged disc content causing compression on the spinal canal or the nerve roots.
Symptoms: Back pain, Leg pain, Radiating pain, Numbness or weakness of the leg
Risk factor: Smoking, Lifting heavy weights, Obesity, Genetic
Causes: Sudden or chronic stress on the posterior aspect of the disc wall causing breakage and leaking of the disc contents. This causes compression and irritation of the nerve roots, and if significant, the cord.
When to see a Doctor: Back pain for more than a week, Severe pain, Difficulty in standing and walking, radiating pain to the legs, numbness or weakness.
Treatment: Mainly by medication, rest and exercise. Surgery only for acute or severe conditions
Lumbar Spondylosis
Spondylosis is a type of arthritis spurred by wear and tear to the spine. It happens when discs and joints degenerate, when bone spurs grow on the vertebrae, or both. These changes can impair the spineâs movement and affect the nerves and other functions.
Symptoms: Back pain, Pain on extension,Â
Causes: Age related degeneration similar to arthritis. Strainous job, lack of exercise, inflammatory conditions and Osteoporosis.
Treatment: Observation, medical management, or surgical management depending on the severity and chronicity of pain, presence of instability or neurological deficits.
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Spondylolisthesis
Spondylolisthesis is a spinal condition that affects the Lower vertebra (spinal bones). This disease causes one of the lower vertebrae to slip forward onto the bone directly beneath it. Itâs a painful condition but treatable in most cases. Both therapeutic and surgical methods may be used. Proper exercise techniques can help you avoid this condition.
Symptoms:
- Muscle spasms in the hamstring (muscles in the back of the thighs).
- Back stiffness.
- Difficulty walking or standing for long periods.
- Pain when bending over.
- Numbness, weakness or tingling in the foot.
Risk factor: Age, Athletics, GeneticÂ
Causes: Overextending the spine is one of the main causes of spondylolisthesis in young athletes. Genetics may play a role, too. Some people are born with thinner vertebral bone. In older adults, wear and tear on the spine and disks (the cushions between vertebrae) can cause this condition.
When to see a Doctor: Severe back or leg pain, Back pain for more than a week, Difficulty in standing and walking for long, numbness or weakness.
Spine Fracture
A spinal fracture is a break and/or dislocation of a vertebra in your spine. Some fractures are the result of a traumatic injury, such as a traffic accident, gunshot round or fall, and require emergency treatment. Other fractures are the result of weakened bones caused by osteoporosis.
A spinal fracture is different than a broken arm or leg, as it can cause bone fragments to pinch or damage nerves or the spinal cord.
Symptoms: Moderate to high back pain, difficulty in standing or walking, pain on lying down and getting up from bed. Severe injury with cord compression can present with numbness, weakness or paraplegia (unable to move both lower limbs)
Causes: Usually in old age, female due to osteoporosis, or in young patients due to high velocity injury such as road traffic accident or fall from height
Treatment: Stable minimal fractures without deformity can be treated with rest, brace and medications. Severe fractures with cord compression may require surgical fixation
Neck
Neck Spine
Neck Disc Disease
Neck Disc Pathology
Neck Spondylosis
Degenerative Spine / Inflammation
Neck Myelopathy
Spinal Cord Compression
Neck Fracture and Dislocation
Injury to Neck Spine
Low Back
Lumbar Spine
Disc Prolapse
Slipped Disc, Bulging Disc
Spondylolisthesis
Slipped Spine / Vertebra
Lumbar Spondylosis
Degenerative Spine Condition
Spine Fracture
Spine Injury (Trauma or Osteoporosis)
Spine Conditions
Others
Spine Infections
Infections of the Spine
Ankylosing Spondylitis
Arthritic stiffness of the spine
Spine Tumours
Tumour / Cancer (Malignancy) of the spine
Scoliosis
Curving Spine deformity
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